Clinical study of the characteristics of diabetic retinopathy by optical coherence tomography

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095/2007.2018.04.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the imaging features of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods

From January 2015 to December 2017, 104 cases (208 eyes) with DR in the Ophthalmology Department of Inner Mongolia Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were collected, and 289 cases (578 eyes) with DR in Tongren Ophthalmology Center of Beijing Tongren Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University were collected. A total of 393 cases (786 eyes) were included in the two sites. Among them, there were 181 cases (356 eyes) and 212 cases (430 eyes). The age was 22~88 years, with an average age of (47.30 + 5.42) years. Name, sex, age, address, diabetes history, clinical diagnosis, fundus color photography and OCT report were recorded. Summarize and extract features in each phase of OCT inspection.

Results

According to the clinical staging standard of DR in 2002, 393 cases (786 eyes) were divided into three groups: 51 cases (102 eyes), 83 cases (166 eyes), 124 cases (248 eyes), 46 cases (92 eyes), 57 cases (114 eyes) and 32 cases (64 eyes) of DR stage VI. Eye only. The OCT of DR stage I was characterized by microangioma, occasional or minor bleeding spots between the retinal neuroepithelial layers; the OCT of DR stage II was characterized by rigid exudation and bleeding spots between the retinal neuroepithelial layers; the OCT of DR stage III was characterized by cotton flocculent plaques in addition to hard exudation and bleeding spots; and the OCT of DR stage IV was characterized by cotton flocculent plaques. In addition to hard exudation, bleeding spots and cotton wadding spots, there are also edema or cystoid edema and/or vitreous hemorrhage; in DRV stage, the OCT features are not only hard exudation, bleeding spots, cotton wadding spots, edema and vitreous hemorrhage, but also organic film; in DRVI stage, the OCT features are hard exudation, bleeding spots and vitreous hemorrhage. There were also traction retinal detachment outside cotton spots, edema, vitreous hemorrhage and organic membrane. In addition, according to the different stages of DR, blood flow OCT imaging (OCTA) can clearly show the characteristics of microangioma, hard exudation, hemorrhage, cystic edema, no perfusion area and neovascularization.

Conclusion

In the examination results of OCT, DR can appear characteristic image according to different stages. Mastering and using OCT can determine the clinical stages of DR and guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: Diabetic retinopathy, Clinical stages, Diagnose, Optical coherence tomography

Xiaojing Yang, Dongsheng Wang, Hui Xu, Qiang Lu, Jinkui Yang. Clinical study of the characteristics of diabetic retinopathy by optical coherence tomography[J]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmologic Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2018, 08(04): 151-156.

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