Epidemiological investigation of age-related macular degeneration of over 50 years old Tuijia ethnic group in Chongqing rural district

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2007.2018.04.003

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

To understand the prevalence and associated risk factors of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) of over 50 years old Tuijia ethnic group in Chongqing Qianjiang JiuYang district.

Methods

By inquiring the Tujia and Miao region over 50 years old people with randomly cluster sampling method to investigate epidemiological age-related macular degeneration.Site investigation includes detailed questionnaires, general physical examination, routine examination of ophthalmology, direct fundus photo, using international AMD grading standard specified age-related macular degeneration diagnostic. And analyze data.

Results

by using SPSS21.0 statistical software.results: there is a total population of 2556 of over 50 years old Tujia people being investigated in this survey. 2122 of them are actually completed the check, the response rate was 83.02%. Including a total of 739 (34.8%) of men and 1383 (65.2%) of women. 200 (338 eyes) of the AMD patients, the total prevalence rate was 9.4%, 7.0% of men and 10.7% of women; By age from 50 to 59, 60 to 69 years old, 70 to79 years old, and over 80 years old prevalence was 5.3%, 9.4%, 13%, 7.5%, respectively. This study found that with the increase of age, the higher incidence of AMD (χ²=18.14, P<0.05); With the increase of sun exposure, AMD prevalence increased (χ²=11.18, P<0.05), smokers was higher than non-smokers (χ²=9.27, P<0.05); History of high blood pressure, especially high systolic blood pressure patients, the higher prevalence of AMD was found (χ²=7.80, P<0.05); A history of alar Nu head AMD also showed a higher prevalence (χ²=6.1, P<0.05).

Conclusion

The patients od AMD of over 50 years of age Tujia ethnic people in southeast part of Chongqing, the prevalence is 9.4%; Along with the age increasing, the prevalence rate increased significantly; With the extension of the daily sun exposure time, AMD prevalence rate increased significantly. Chongqing Tujia ethnic people in southwest China AMD risk factors including gender, age, smoking, hypertension, systolic blood pressure, sun exposure and history of pterygium.

Key words: Age-related macular degeneration, Epidemiology, Risk factors.

Hao Wang, Xiyuan Zhou, Su Liu, Shengchun Liu, Mingxing Wu, Xiaojing Xiong, Bianwen Zhang. Epidemiological investigation of age-related macular degeneration of over 50 years old Tuijia ethnic group in Chongqing rural district[J]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmologic Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2018, 08(04): 157-162.

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分级	临床特征
1	无玻璃膜疣，或<10个小玻璃膜疣并不伴色素异常
2	≥10个小玻璃膜疣，或<15个中等大小玻璃膜疣，或相关色素异常
?	?	a：玻璃膜疣；b：RPE改变(色素增多和色素减少)；c：同时有玻璃膜疣及色素改变
3	≥15个中等大小玻璃膜疣，或任何大玻璃膜疣
?	?	a：无玻璃膜疣性色素上皮脱离；b：有玻璃膜疣性色素上皮脱离
4	地图样萎缩累及黄斑中心凹，或未累及中心凹的直径至少350 μm的萎缩
5	渗出性AMD，包括非玻璃膜疣性色素上皮脱离、浆液性或出血性视网膜脱离、脉络膜新生血管膜伴神经上皮层下或色素上皮层下出血或纤维化以及AMD治疗后持续不变的瘢痕
?	?	a：浆液性色素上皮脱离，无脉络膜新生血管膜；b：脉络膜新生血管膜或盘状瘢痕

分级	临床特征
1	无玻璃膜疣，或<10个小玻璃膜疣并不伴色素异常
2	≥10个小玻璃膜疣，或<15个中等大小玻璃膜疣，或相关色素异常
?	?	a：玻璃膜疣；b：RPE改变(色素增多和色素减少)；c：同时有玻璃膜疣及色素改变
3	≥15个中等大小玻璃膜疣，或任何大玻璃膜疣
?	?	a：无玻璃膜疣性色素上皮脱离；b：有玻璃膜疣性色素上皮脱离
4	地图样萎缩累及黄斑中心凹，或未累及中心凹的直径至少350 μm的萎缩
5	渗出性AMD，包括非玻璃膜疣性色素上皮脱离、浆液性或出血性视网膜脱离、脉络膜新生血管膜伴神经上皮层下或色素上皮层下出血或纤维化以及AMD治疗后持续不变的瘢痕
?	?	a：浆液性色素上皮脱离，无脉络膜新生血管膜；b：脉络膜新生血管膜或盘状瘢痕

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