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中华眼科医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (02) : 101 -105. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2007.2026.02.007

综述

自适应光学光学相干断层扫描在黄斑疾病中应用的研究进展
李润方1,2, 武志峰2,()   
  1. 1214000 江南大学无锡医学院眼科
    2214000 江南大学无锡市第二人民医院(江南大学附属中心医院)眼科
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-06 出版日期:2026-04-28
  • 通信作者: 武志峰
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省科技厅社会发展面上项目(BE2017627); 无锡市医学创新团队建设项目(CXTD2021015); "太湖人才计划"医疗卫生高端人才项目(THRC0007)

Advances on the applications of adaptive optics optical coherence tomography in macular diseases

Runfang Li1,2, Zhifeng Wu2,()   

  1. 1Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangnan University Wuxi School of Medicine, Wuxi 214000, China
    2Department of Ophthalmology, Wuxi No.2 People′s Hospital, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi 214000, China
  • Received:2026-01-06 Published:2026-04-28
  • Corresponding author: Zhifeng Wu
引用本文:

李润方, 武志峰. 自适应光学光学相干断层扫描在黄斑疾病中应用的研究进展[J/OL]. 中华眼科医学杂志(电子版), 2026, 16(02): 101-105.

Runfang Li, Zhifeng Wu. Advances on the applications of adaptive optics optical coherence tomography in macular diseases[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmologic Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2026, 16(02): 101-105.

光学相干断层扫描(OCT)是检查黄斑疾病的重要手段,但常规OCT受眼部像差限制,横向分辨率仅15~20 μm,难以实现细胞水平成像。自适应光学光学相干断层扫描(AO-OCT)通过实时校正像差,可达到2~3 μm各向同性三维分辨率,实现光感受器、视网膜色素上皮细胞及微血管的活体可视化。本文中笔者对AO-OCT的技术原理、发展历程及其在年龄相关性黄斑变性、遗传性黄斑营养不良及糖尿病性黄斑水肿等黄斑疾病中的应用价值进行综述,并对比其与常规OCT、光学相干断层扫描血管成像(OCTA)及自适应光学激光扫描检眼镜(AO-SLO)的优劣势。未来AO-OCT有望成为黄斑疾病早期诊断、精准分型、纵向监测及疗效评价的重要工具,具有重要的临床转化前景。

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an essential diagnostic modality for macular diseases. However, conventional OCT is limited by ocular aberrances, with a lateral resolution of only 15 to 20 μm, which prevents cellular-level imaging. Adaptive optics optical coherence tomography (AO-OCT) achieves real-time aberration correction, yielding an isotropic three-dimensional resolution of 2 to 3 μm and enabling in vivo visualization of photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelial cells, and retinal microvessels. In this paper, the technical principles, developmental history, and clinical application value of AO-OCT in macular diseases including age-related macular degeneration, hereditary macular dystrophies, and diabetic macular edema were systematically reviewed. Meanwhile, the advantages and disadvantages of AO-OCT are compared with those of conventional OCT, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO-SLO). In the future, AO-OCT is expected to become a pivotal tool for early diagnosis, precise subtyping, longitudinal monitoring, and therapeutic efficacy evaluation of macular diseases, demonstrating promising prospects for clinical translation.

表1 常见眼底成像技术分辨率及临床应用特点对比
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