The choroidal thickness in the macular area of patients with early age-related macular degeneration using depth-enhanced imaging

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2007.2019.06.007

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between macular choroidal thickness changes and the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in patients with early AMD using depth-enhanced imaging technique (EDI-OCT).

Methods

From March 2015 to March 2017, 90 patients (90 eyes) with early AMD and 60 patients with normal fundus (60 eyes) from the Department of Ophthalmology, China Rehabilitation Research Center Beijing Bo Ai Hospital were selected. Those with early AMD was as patient group, and patients with normal fundus as normal group. In patient group, there were 51 male (51 eyes) and 39 female (39 eyes), and the age range was 63 to 85, and the average age was (74.3±10.9) years-old. In normal group, there were 60 male (60 eyes) and 24 female (24 eyes), and the age range was 63 to 85, the average age was (68.6±10.8) years-old. All patients was to measure the choroidal thickness of the fovea and the choroidal thickness from the fovea to the nasal and temporal sides at 500 μm and 1000 μm using EDI-OCT, respectively. There were 5 measuring sites in this study. The data were represented as mean±standard deviation (±s). The t test was used to compare the differences in choroidal thickness. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between groups. The Tukey test was used for comparison between groups. The correlation between choroidal thickness and age was analyzed by linear correlation.

Results

The choroidal thickness of the fovea in the early AMD patients was lower than that of the normal group, whose difference between them was statistically significant(t=-2.061, P<0.05). In the early AMD patients, the average foveal thickness of the fovea was (254.84±51.46) μm. The average thickness of the foveal choroid in the normal group was (271.46±43.36)μm, That shown a negative correlation between the age and choroidal thickness (r=-0.23, P<0.05).

Conclusions

The choroidal thickness of the eyes of patients with early AMD was significantly thinner than that of the normal group. The change of choroidal thickness in early AMD patients could be used as a warning factor for the further development of macular degeneration, which could provide a basis for early intervention.

Key words: Age-related macular degeneration, Choroidal, Thickness, Optical coherence tomography

Xiao Liu, Na Liu, Jianda Li, Xu Zhang, Wenling Yin. The choroidal thickness in the macular area of patients with early age-related macular degeneration using depth-enhanced imaging[J]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmologic Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2019, 09(06): 360-365.

/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://zhykyxzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2007.2019.06.007

https://zhykyxzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/Y2019/V09/I06/360

Figures/Tables 4

References 55

[1]	赵堪兴，杨培增. 眼科学[M]. 北京：人民卫士出版社，2008.
[2]	Nations United. World Population prospects：2004 revision[M]. New York: United Nations, 2005.
[3]	Bird AC, Bressler NM, Bressler SB, et al. An international classification and grading system for age-related maculopathy and age-related macular degeneration[J]. Surv Ophthalmol, 1995, 39(5): 367-374.
[4]	Mitchell P, Korobelnik JF, Lanzetta P, et al. Ranibizumab(Lucentis) in neovascular age-related macular degeneration：evidence from clinical trials[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2010, 94(1): 2-13.
[5]	AREDS. Arandomized，placebo-controlled，clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene，and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss: AREDS report No.8[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2001, 119(10): 1417-1436.
[6]	Margolis R, Spaide RF. A pilot study of enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in normal eyes[J]．Am J Opthalmol, 2009, 147(5): 811-815.
[7]	Fujiwara T, Imamura Y, Margolis R, et al. Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomogarphy of the choroid in highly myopic eyes[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2009, 148(3): 445-450.
[8]	Gomi F, Tano Y. Polypoidal choroidal vascolopathy and treatments[J]. Curr Opin Ophthalmol, 2008, 19(3): 208-212.
[9]	Teschner S, Noack J, Birngruber R, et al. Characterization of leakage activityin exudative chorioretinal disease with three-dimensional confocal angiography [J]. Ophthalmology, 2003, 110(4): 687-697.
[10]	Imamura Y, Fujiwara T, Margolis R, et al. Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in central serous chorioretinopthy[J]. Retina, 2009, 29(10): 1469-1473.
[11]	Margolis R, Spaide RF. A pilot study of enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in normal eyes[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2009, 147(5): 811-815.
[12]	Manjunath V, Taha M, Fujimoto JG, et al. Choroidal thickness in normal eyes measured using C irrus HD optical coherence tomography[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2010, 150(3): 325-329.
[13]	Ding X, Li J, Zeng J, et al. Choroidal thickness in healthy Chinese subjects[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2011, 52(13): 9555-9560.
[14]	Li XQ, Larsen M, Munch IC. Subfoveal choroidal thickness in relation to sex and axial length in 93 Danish University students[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2011, 52(11): 8438-8441.
[15]	Sogawa K, Nagaoka T, Takahashi A, et al. Relationship betw een choroidal thickness and choroidal circulation in healthy young subjects[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2012, 153(6): 1129-1132.
[16]	Tan CS, Ouyang Y, Ruiz H, et al. Diurnal variation of choroidal thickness in normal, healthy subjects measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography [J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2012, 53(1): 261-266.
[17]	Fujiwara T, Imamura Y, Margolis R, et al. Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in highly myopic eyes[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2009, 148(3): 445-450.
[18]	Nishida Y, Fujiwara T, Imamura Y, et al. Choroidal thickness and visual acuity in highly myopic eyes[J]. Retina, 2012, 32(7): 1229, 1236.
[19]	Spaide RF, Goldbaum M, Wong DW, et al. Serous detachment of the retina[J]. Retina, 2003, 23(6): 820-846.
[20]	Tittl M, Polska E, Kircher K, et al. Topical funds pulsation measurement in patients with active central serous chorio retinopathy[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2003, 121(7): 975-978.
[21]	Tittl M, Maar N, Polska E, et al. Choroidal hemodynamic changes during isometric exercise in patients with inactive central serous chorioretinopathy[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2005, 46(12): 4717-4721.
[22]	Imamura Y, Fujiwara T, Margolis R, et al. Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in central serous chorioretinopathy[J]. Retina, 2009, 29(10): 1469-1473.
[23]	Maruko I, Iida T, Sugano Y, et al. Subfoveal choroidal thickness in fellow eyes of patients with central serous chorioretinopathy[J]. Retina, 2011, 31(8): 1603-1608.
[24]	Anders P, Michael L. Choroidal thichness following extrafoveal photodynamic treatment with verteporfin in patients with central serous chorio retinopathy[J]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2012, 90 (8): 738-743.
[25]	Ichiro M, Tomohiro I, Yukinori S, et al. One year choroidal thickness results after photodynamic therapy for central serous chorioretinopathy[J]. Retina, 2011, 31(9): 1921-1927.
[26]	Shin JY, Woo SJ, Yu HG, et al. C omparison of efficacy and safety between half-fluence and full-fluence photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy[J]. Retina, 2011, 31(1): 119-126.
[27]	Weinberger D, Kramer M, Priel E, et al. Indocyanine green angiographic findings in nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 1998, 126( 2): 238-247.
[28]	Esmaeelpour M, Povazay B, Hermann B, et al. Mapping choroidal and retinal thickness variation in type 2 diabetes using three-dimensional 1060-nm optical coherence tomography[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2011, 52( 8): 5311-5316.
[29]	Esmaeelpour M, Povaay B, Hermann B, et al. Alteration of choroidal circulation in the foveal region in patients with type 2 diabetes[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2004, 88 (8): 1060-1063.
[30]	Schocket LS, Brucker AJ, Niknam RM, et al. Foveolar choroidal hemodynamics in proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J]. Int Ophthalmol, 2004, 25(2): 89-94.
[31]	Shiragami C, Shiraga F, Matsuo T, et al. Risk factors for diabetic choroidopathy in patients with diabetic retinopathy[J]. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2002, 240( 6): 436-442.
[32]	Bordaberry MF. Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease: diagnosis and treatments update[J]. Curr Opin Ophthalmol, 2010, 21(6): 430-435.
[33]	Fardeau C, Tran TH, Gharbi B, et al. Retinal fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography and optical coherence tomography in successive stages of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease[J]. Int Ophthalmol, 2007, 27(2/3): 163-172.
[34]	Herbort CP, Mantovani A, Bouchenaki N. Indocyanine green angiography in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease: angiographic signs and utility in patient follow-up[J]. Int Ophthalmol, 2007, 27(2/3): 173-182.
[35]	Maruko I, Iida T, Sugano Y, et al. Subfoveal retinal and choroidal thickness after verteporfin photodynamic therapy for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2011, 151(4): 594-603.
[36]	Fong AH, Li KK, Wong D. Choroidal evaluation using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease[J]．Retina, 2011, 31(3): 502-509.
[37]	Rao NA. Pathology of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease[J]. Int Ophthalmol, 2007, 27( 2/3): 81-85.
[38]	杜君，雷方. Vogt-小柳-原田综合征黄斑中心凹脉络膜厚度分析[J]. 眼科新进展，2016, 36( 8): 777-779.
[39]	Galassi F, Sodi A, Ucci F, et al. Ocular hemodynamics and glaucoma prognosis: a color Doppler imaging study[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 2003, 121(12): 1711-1715.
[40]	Grunwald JE, Piltz J, Hariprasad SM, et al. Optic nerve and choroidal circulation in glaucoma[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 1998, 39(12): 2329-2336.
[41]	Nicolela MT, Hnik P, Drance SM. Scanning laser Doppler flowmeter study of retinal and optic disk blood flow in glaucomatous patients[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 1996, 122( 6): 775-783.
[42]	Jonas JB. Clinical implications of peripapillary atrophy in glaucoma[J]. Curr Opin Ophthalmol, 2005, 16(2): 84-88.
[43]	Spaide RF. Age-related choroidal atrophy[J]. Am J Ophthamol, 2009, 147(5): 801-810.
[44]	Pablo LE, Bambo MP, Cameo B, et al. The use of zonal analysis of peripapillary choroidal thickness in primary open-angle glaucoma[J]. Jpn J Ophthalmol, 2018, 62(1): 41-47.
[45]	Maul EA, Friedman DS, Chang DS, et al. Choroidal thickness measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography：factors affecting thickness in glaucoma patients[J]. Ophthalmology, 2011, 118(8): 1571-1579.
[46]	Ho J, Branchini L, Regatieri C, et al. Analysis of normal peripapillary choroidal thickness via spectral domain optical coherence tomography[J]. Ophthalmology, 2011, 118(10): 2001-2007.
[47]	Mwanza JC, Hochberg JT, Banitt MR, et al. Lack of association between glaucoma and macular choroidal thickness measured with enhanced depth-imaging optical coherence tomography[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2011, 52(6): 3430-3435.
[48]	Ehrlich JR, Peterson J, Parlitsis G, et al. Peripapillary choroidal thickness in glaucoma measured with optical coherence tomography[J]. Exp Eye Res, 2011, 92(3): 189-194.
[49]	Usui S, Ikuno Y, Miki A, et al. Evaluation of the choroidal thickness using high-penetration optical coherence tomography with long wavelength in highly myopic normal tension glaucoma[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2012, 153(1): 10-16.
[50]	Klein R, Klein BE, Linton KL. Prevalence of age-related maculopathy : The Beaver Dam Eye Study[J]. Ophthalmology, 1992, 99(6) : 933-943.
[51]	Spaide RF. Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of retinal pigment epithelial detachment in age-related macular degeneration[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2009, 147(4): 644-652.
[52]	Koizumi H, Yamagishi T, Yamazaki T, et al. Subfoveal choroidal thickness in typical age related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy[J]. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2011, 249( 8): 1123-1128.
[53]	Ashley W, Alison B. Retinal and choroidal thickness in early age-related macular degeneration[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2011, 152(6): 1030-1038.
[54]	Taban M, Williams D, Smith SD, et al. Assessing the reliability of automated OCT retinal thickness measurements in patients with choroidal neovascularization due to agerelated macular degeneration[J]. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging, 2010, 41(2): 166-174.
[55]	Sarks SH. Ageing and degeneration in the macular region：a clinic-opathological study[J]. Br J Opthalmol, 1976, 60(5): 324-341.

组别	眼数	颞侧1000 μm	颞侧500 μm	中心凹	鼻侧500 μm	鼻侧1000 μm
患者组	90	251.94±47.56	252.01±50.83	254.84±51.46	251.44±54.29	248.44±55.06
正常组	60	271.50±44.21	270.92±40.00	271.46±43.36	267.52±41.84	264.58±40.13
t值		-2.537	-2.423	-2.061	-2.042	-2.074
P值		<0.05	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05

组别	眼数	颞侧1000 μm	颞侧500 μm	中心凹	鼻侧500 μm	鼻侧1000 μm
患者组	90	251.94±47.56	252.01±50.83	254.84±51.46	251.44±54.29	248.44±55.06
正常组	60	271.50±44.21	270.92±40.00	271.46±43.36	267.52±41.84	264.58±40.13
t值		-2.537	-2.423	-2.061	-2.042	-2.074
P值		<0.05	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05

Please choose a citation manager

Content to export