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中华眼科医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (04) : 206 -211. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2007.2024.04.003

论著

跨上皮和去上皮快速角膜交联术治疗进展期圆锥角膜的临床研究
马萍1, 鲁静1, 兰长骏1,2,()   
  1. 1.610056 成都东区爱尔眼科医院眼表角膜科
    2.637000 南充,川北医学院附属医院眼科 川北医学院眼视光医学院
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-10 出版日期:2024-08-28
  • 通信作者: 兰长骏
  • 基金资助:
    四川省卫生和计划生育委员会科研课题(17PJ550)

Effects of the epithelium-off and epithelium-on accelerated comeal collagen cross-linking in the treatment of progressive keratoconus

Ping Ma1, Jing Lu1, Changjun Lan1,2,()   

  1. 1.Department of Ophthalmology and Corneal,Chengdu Eastern Aier Eye Hospital,Chengdu 610056,China
    2.Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College,Medical School of Ophthalmology&Optometry,North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong 637000,China
  • Received:2024-07-10 Published:2024-08-28
  • Corresponding author: Changjun Lan
引用本文:

马萍, 鲁静, 兰长骏. 跨上皮和去上皮快速角膜交联术治疗进展期圆锥角膜的临床研究[J/OL]. 中华眼科医学杂志(电子版), 2024, 14(04): 206-211.

Ping Ma, Jing Lu, Changjun Lan. Effects of the epithelium-off and epithelium-on accelerated comeal collagen cross-linking in the treatment of progressive keratoconus[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmologic Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2024, 14(04): 206-211.

目的

分析跨上皮快速角膜交联(ACXL)术和去上皮ACXL术治疗进展期圆锥角膜的有效性和安全性。

方法

选择2020年1月至2022年3月在成都东区爱尔眼科医院眼表角膜科行ACXL术治疗的进展期圆锥角膜患者69例(102只眼)作为研究对象。其中,男性40例(58只眼),女性29例(44只眼);年龄10~48岁,平均年龄(21.6±6.9)岁。根据角膜最薄点厚度(TCT)分为TCT≥450μm组43例(62只眼)和400μm≤TCT<450μm组26例(40只眼),前者采用去上皮ACXL紫外光连续输出模式治疗,后者采用跨上皮ACXL紫外光脉冲输出模式治疗。两组分别于术前、术后1、3、6及12个月检查角膜透明度、裸眼视力(UCVA)、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、球镜屈光度、柱镜屈光度、眼压、角膜前表面最大曲率(Kmax)、TCT及角膜内皮细胞密度。UCVA、BCVA、球镜屈光度、柱镜屈光度、TCT、Kmax及角膜内皮细胞密度等计量资料经正态性检验符合正态分布,以表示,术前术后比较采用单因素重复测量方差分析,当差异有统计学意义时进一步采用LSD-t检验;组内术前术后角膜内皮密度的比较采用配对t检验。

结果

跨上皮ACXL组患者术前、术后1、3、6及12个月的BCVA和Kmax分别为(0.27±0.13)最小分辨视角的对数(logMAR)、(0.26±0.17)logMAR、(0.22±0.13)logMAR、(0.22±0.14)logMAR、(0.18±0.14)logMAR、(62.96±10.91)D、(63.01±10.13)D、(62.76±10.42)D、(62.44±10.29)D及(61.83±9.40)D。跨上皮ACXL患者术前术后BCVA和Kmax比较,差异有统计学意义(F=6.848,2.678;P<0.05);经LSD-t检验,患者术后3、6及12个月的BCVA较术前提高,差异有统计学意义(t=3.250,5.414,6.485;P<0.05);术后12个月Kmax较术前降低,差异有统计学意义(t=2.672,P<0.05)。去上皮ACXL组患者术前、术后1、3、6及12个月的柱镜屈光度、TCT及Kmax分别为(-3.79±1.92)D、(-3.87±2.19)D、(-3.66±2.14)D、(-3.36±2.09)D、(-3.20±2.14)D、(488.29±34.20)μm、(475.55±31.20)μm、(477.71±30.97)μm、(479.76±28.82)μm、(486.18±30.83)μm,(52.49±6.31)D、(53.58±6.63)D、(52.35±5.30)D、(52.13±5.43)D及(51.63±5.17)D。去上皮ACXL组患者柱镜屈光度、TCT及Kmax术前术后比较,差异有统计学意义(F=4.618,12.133,12.794;P<0.05);经LSD-t检验,患者术后12个月的柱镜屈光度较术前降低,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.499,P<0.05);术后1、3及6个月的TCT较术前降低,差异有统计学意义(t=6.995,4.997,3.893;P<0.05);术后1个月和12个月的Kmax较术前比较,差异有统计学意义(t=-5.963,3.533;P<0.05)。所有患者无紫外光的眼部损伤并发症;术后当日有眼部异物感疼痛,次日减轻。跨上皮和去上皮ACXL术后出现角膜haze患者分别有1例(1只眼)和3例(3只眼),分别占1.61%和7.50%;前者术后3~6个月角膜透明性恢复;后者1例(1只眼)角膜中央基质线状混浊,但未影响视力。两组术后出现干眼者分别为7例(10只眼)和12例(18只眼),分别占16.13%和45.00%;跨上皮ACXL术后1例(1只眼)无效,行角膜移植术。

结论

对TCT不同的患者需要结合手术的有效性和安全性选择ACXL术式,术后12个月跨上皮和去上皮ACXL两术式均能稳定病情,且有效性和安全性较好。

Objective

To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of epithelium-off accelerated comeal collagen cross-linking(ACXL)and epithelium-on ACXL in the treatment of progressive keratoconus.

Methods

A total of 69 patients(102 eyes)with progressive keratoconus at the Department of Ophthalmology and Corneal in Chengdu East Aier Eye Hospital from January 2020 to March 2022 was included.There were 40 males(58 eyes)and 29 females(44 eyes)with a mean age of(21.6±6.9)years(ranging from 10 to 48 years).The patients were divided into43 cases(62 eyes)in the corneal thinnest point thickness(TCT)≥450μm group and 26 cases(40 eyes)in the 400μm≤TCT<450μm group according to TCT,with the former being treated with Epi-off ACXL,and the latter with Epi-on ACXL.The two groups were compared in uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA),best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),refractive status,corneal transparency,maximumkeratometry value of the anterior corneal surface(Kmax),TCT,corneal endothelial cell counts and intraocular pressure were analysed preoperatively and after surgery for 1,3,6 and 12 months.The UCVA,BCVA,spherical diopter,cylinder diopter,TCT,Kmax and corneal endothelial cell counts were tested for conformity with normal distribution and expressed as,and compared before and after surgery using one-way repeated measures ANOVA,and when the differences were statistically significant then further LSD-t tests were used;the preoperative and postoperative corneal endothelial counts within the group were compared using paired t test.

Results

The BCVA and Kmax of patients in the Epi-on ACXL group at preoperative,1,3,6 and 12 months postoperatively were(0.27±0.13)logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution(logMAR),(0.26±0.17)logMAR,(0.22±0.13)logMAR,(0.22±0.14)logMAR,(0.18±0.14)logMAR,(62.96±10.91)D,(63.01±10.13)D,(62.76±10.42)D,(62.44±10.29)D,(61.83±9.40)D.There were a statistically significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative BCVA and Kmax in patients with Epi-on ACXL(F=6.848,2.678;P<0.05).After LSD-t test,BCVA at 3,6 and 12 months postoperatively was increased compared with preoperatively,and the difference was statistically significant(t=3.250,5.414,6.485;P<0.05);Kmax at 12 months postoperatively was decreased compared with preoperatively,and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.672,P<0.05).The preoperative,1,3,6,and 12 months postoperative examinations of cylinder diopter,TCT,and Kmax in patients in the Epi-off ACXL group were(-3.79±1.92)D,(-3.87±2.19)D,(-3.66±2.14)D,(-3.36±2.09)D,(-3.20±2.14)D,(488.29±34.20)μm,(475.55±31.20)μm,(477.71±30.97)μm,(479.76±28.82)μm,(486.18±30.83)μm,(52.49±6.31)D,(53.58±6.63)D,(52.35±5.30)D,(52.13±5.43)D,(51.63±5.17)D.The difference in columnar lens refraction,TCT and Kmax in patients in the Epi-off ACXL group was statistically significant when compared preoperatively and postoperatively(F=4.618,12.133,12.794;P<0.05).By LSD-t test,postoperative cylinder diopter was lower at 12 months postoperatively compared with preoperative,and the difference was statistically significant(t=-3.499,P<0.05);TCTwas lower at 1 month,3 months,and 6 months postoperatively compared with preoperative,and the difference was statistically significant(t=6.995,4.997,3.893;P<0.05);and Kmax at 1 month and 12 months postoperatively compared with preoperative,the difference was statistically significant(t=-5.963,3.533;P<0.05).There were no complications of UV light induced eye injury in all patients after crosslinking.After operation,all patients had ocular pain,and their symptoms were significantly relieved the next day.After ACXL,corneal haze appeared in 1 case(1 eye)and 3 patients(3 eyes)in the two groups,accouting for 1.61% and 7.50%,respectively;the former subsided after surgery for 3 months and the cornea returned to transparency;the latter subsided after surgery for 3 months and the cornea returned to transparency,and 1 case(1 eye)with central corneal stromal linear haze for latter patients,which did not affect BCVA.After surgery,there were 7 cases(10 eyes)and 12 cases(18 eyes)of dry eye in the two groups,accouting for 16.13%and 45.00%,respectively.1 case(1 eye)with Epi-on ACXL failure underwent keratoplasty.

Conclusions

According to the patient's TCT,the appropriate choice of Epi-off ACXL or Epi-on ACXL should be made,taking into account the effectiveness and safety of ACXL.Both cross-linking methods can stabilize the condition of keratoconus at 12 months postoperatively,and have good effectiveness and safety for the treatment of progressive keratoconus.

表1 跨上皮和去上皮快速角膜交联患者术前术后屈光状态比较(
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