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中华眼科医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2019, Vol. 09 ›› Issue (04) : 240 -245. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2007.2019.04.008

论著

8351人次0~3岁眼科住院婴幼儿的临床特征分析
陈伟伟1, 张荣涵1, 付晶1,()   
  1. 1. 100730 首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院 北京同仁眼科中心 北京市眼科研究所 眼科学与视觉科学北京市重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-26 出版日期:2019-08-28
  • 通信作者: 付晶
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目(81400391); 北京市首发专项青年优才项目(首发2018-4-1083)

Analysis on clinical characteristics of 8351 hospitalized infants aged 0-3 years in ophthalmology department

Weiwei Chen1, Ronghan Zhang1, Jing Fu1,()   

  1. 1. Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China
  • Received:2019-07-26 Published:2019-08-28
  • Corresponding author: Jing Fu
引用本文:

陈伟伟, 张荣涵, 付晶. 8351人次0~3岁眼科住院婴幼儿的临床特征分析[J]. 中华眼科医学杂志(电子版), 2019, 09(04): 240-245.

Weiwei Chen, Ronghan Zhang, Jing Fu. Analysis on clinical characteristics of 8351 hospitalized infants aged 0-3 years in ophthalmology department[J]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmologic Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2019, 09(04): 240-245.

目的

探讨首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院近5年眼科住院婴幼儿的临床特征,为婴幼儿眼病的筛查和治疗提供临床依据。

方法

收集2014年1月1日至2018年12月31日眼科住院婴幼儿的信息,包括病案号、性别、年龄、入院日期、出院日期、住院天数、主要诊断编码及主要诊断名称,回顾性分析患儿住院病历的年龄、性别及眼病的分布情况。用均数±标准差描述年龄的分布情况;采用频数和百分比描述疾病的分布情况;性别的组间比较,采用χ2检验。

结果

在全部8351人次的住院病历中,纳入本研究的病历为5902人次,年龄为3个月~3岁,平均年龄(1.9±0.9)岁。其中,男性3448人次(占58.4%),女性2454人次(占41.6%)。将纳入本研究的5902人次病历分为1岁组、2岁组及3岁组。1岁组,共计2577人次(占43.7%),男性1514人次(占58.8%),女性1063人次(占41.2%);2岁组,共计1559人次(占26.4%),男性890人次(占57.1%),女性669人次(占42.9%);3岁组,共计1766人次(占1766%),男性1044人次(占59.1%),女性722人次(占40.9%)。三组性别构成的比较,差异无统计学意义( χ2=1.608,P>0.05)。在全部纳入本研究的5902例病历中,患前五位眼病的婴幼儿共计3020例,占总数的51.2%。排名第一位的眼病为视网膜恶性肿瘤,频数1224(占20.7%);第二位的眼病为先天性白内障,频数989(占16.8%);第三位的眼病为先天性青光眼,频数494(占8.4%);第四位的眼病为家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变,频数178(占3.0%);第五位的眼病为先天性内斜视,频数135(占2.3%)。在排名前五位眼病的病例中,1岁组,依次为先天性白内障657例(占25.5%)、视网膜恶性肿瘤468例(占18.2%)、先天性青光眼349例(占13.5%)、永存原始玻璃体增生症87例(占3.4%)及家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变81例(占3.1%);2岁组,依次为视网膜恶性肿瘤500例(占32.1%)、先天性白内障149例(占9.6%)、先天性青光眼76例(占4.9%)、先天性内斜视69例(占4.4%)及家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变48例(占3.1%);3岁组,依次为视网膜恶性肿瘤256例(占14.5%)、先天性白内障183例(占10.4%)、间歇性外斜视89例(占5.0%)、先天性上睑下垂71例(占4.0%)及先天性青光眼69例(占3.9%)。

结论

0~3岁住院婴幼儿常见眼病发生发展具有一定规律性,建议在今后的临床工作中重视儿童眼底和斜视专科相关筛查和早筛查。

Objective

This study was aim to investigate the clinical characteristics of infants and toddlers hospitalized in Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University in recent five years, and provide the clinical basis for screening and treatment of infants' ophthalmopathy.

Methods

From January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2018, the medical records of infants in Ophthalmology Department of Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University were collected. The items of medical records, such as patient's, sex, age, date of admission, date of discharge, days of hospitalization, main diagnosis and code were included. The distribution of ophthalmopathy in the infants was analyzed retrospectively. The distribution of age was described by mean±standard deviation. Frequency and percentage were used to describe the distribution of diseases. Chi-square test was used for comparison between groups.

Results

5902 eligible hospitalization records were found during this period among 8351 records. The average age was (1.9±0.9) years old ranging from 3 months to 3 years. There were 3448 males (58.4%) and 2454 (41.6%) females, of which 2577 records (38.2%) belonged to 1-year-old group with 1514 males (58.8%) and 1063 females (41.2%), 1559 records (28.9%) belonged to 2-year-old group with 890 males (57.1%) and females 669 (42.9%), and 1766 records (32.9%) belonged to 3-year-old group with 1044 males (59.1%) 722 and females (40.9%). There was no significant difference between sex ratio among the three groups ( χ2=1.608, P>0.05). 3020 (51.2%) among of the 5902 eligible records were diagnosed with the TOP5 ocular diseases. The TOP5 ocular diseases of infants aged 0-3 years were retinal malignancy 1224 records(20.7%), congenital cataract 989 records (16.8%), congenital glaucoma 494 records (8.4%), familial exudative vitreoretinopathy 178 records (3.0%), and congenital esotropia 135 records (2.3%). The TOP5 ocular diseases in the 1-year-old group were congenital cataract 657 records (25.5%), retinal malignancy 468 records (18.2%), congenital glaucoma 349 records (13.5%), persistent primary vitreous hyperplasia 87 records (3.4%), and familial exudative vitreoretinopathy 81 records (3.1%). The TOP5 ocular diseases in the 2-year-old group were retinal malignancy 500 records (32.1%), congenital cataract 149 records (9.6%), congenital glaucoma 76 records (4.9%), congenital esotropiarecords 69 (4.4%), and familial exudative vitreoretinopathyrecords 48 (3.1%). The TOP5 ocular diseases in the 3-year-old group were retinal malignancy 256 records (14.5%), congenital cataract 183 records (10.4%), intermittent exotropia 89 records (5.0%), congenital blepharoptosis 71 records (4.0%), and congenital glaucoma 69 records (3.9%).

Conclusions

The occurrence and development of common ophthalmopathy in hospitalized infants aged 0-3 years have certain regularity. It is suggested that the attention should be paid to the relevant screening and early screening of infants' fundus and strabismus specialty in future.

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