Strabismus is a prevalent ocular disorder characterized by misalignment of the eyes and deviation of the visual axis. It not only impacts facial aesthetics but also hinders the development of binocular vision, including simultaneous perception, fusion, and stereopsis. The primary objective of contemporary strabismus management has evolved from merely realigning the eyes to maximizing the restoration of binocular visual function. An overview of recent domestic and international treatment strategies for strabismus, covering both non-surgical approaches, such as refractive error correction, prismatic therapy, bupivacaine injections, and botulinum toxin type A injections, visual function training and occlusion therapy-and surgical interventions like minimally invasive small-incision extraocular muscle surgery and adjustable suture techniques were reviewed.