Fundus arterial thrombosis is one of the acute and critical diseases in ophthalmology. It can quickly cause irreversible damage to the retina, leading to a sudden drop in vision and even permanent blindness. Moreover, this disease often indicates systemic basic lesions, which greatly increases the risk of thrombotic events in important organs of the body and seriously threatens the visual function and life and health of patients. The hypercoagulable state caused by abnormal coagulation function is an important pathological basis of retinal artery thrombosis. In recent years, the technology of coagulation test has continued to develop. Various coagulation test items play a key role in the early screening, etiology traceability and severity assessment of the disease. At the same time, it can provide an important reference for the clinical formulation of individualized anticoagulant and thrombolytic therapy. Based on this, the application value and research progress of various coagulation tests in the diagnosis and treatment of fundus arterial thrombosis were reviewed in this paper.