了解光遗传学在眼科视觉神经康复领域中应用的研究现状、热点以及发展趋势。

选择Web of Science核心合集中建库至2025年12月光遗传学在眼科视觉神经康复中应用相关的英文文献。数据去重后，对发表时间、发文机构、作者、期刊来源及关键词等进行规范化处理和文献计量学分析，采用VOSviewer软件、CiteSpace软件及Bibliometrix R包绘制可视化分析图谱，分析发表期刊的分布、国家或地区、机构与作者的科研合作网络、核心作者、高频关键词共现网络、关键词主题地图及关键词突现时间排序等。

最终纳入258篇英文文献。2015年后，年均发文量显著升高。其中，2022年与2025年分别达到31篇和32篇的峰值。发文期刊涉及148种，以综合类期刊、神经科学类期刊及眼科学类期刊为主。International Journal of Molecular Sciences期刊发表11篇，占比4.12%。在光遗传在眼科视觉神经康复中应用相关文献中，美国学者贡献85篇，英国34篇次之，法国篇均被引58.84次，论文质量最高。University of Oxford发表文献最多，共计19篇文献涉及1069位作者。学者Sahel Jose-Alain发文最多，共计18篇文献被引用1603次。Picaud Serge团队形成的合作聚类团最大。英文文献的CiteSpace关键词网络图谱分析共提炼出363个关键词，"gene therapy"、"retinitis pigmentosa"、"channelrhodopsin-2"、"ganglion-cells"、"visual function"、"retinal degeneration"、"expression"、"responses"、"aav vector"及"in-vivo"10个关键词节点中介中心性大于0.1。经关键词突现分析，photoreceptor degeneration突现强度8.87；photoreceptor degeneration突现时间最长，2011年至2017年。

目前光遗传学在眼科视觉神经康复中应用的研究热度正处于上升阶段，研究热点包括基因治疗、视网膜疾病机制及视觉响应调控等核心方向，未来趋势主要集中在干细胞、CRISPR基因编辑及神经保护等前沿技术领域的探索和应用。

The aim of this study is to review the research status, hotspots, and developmental trends in the application of optogenetics for visual neural rehabilitation in ophthalmology.

English literatures on the application of optogenetics in ophthalmic visual nerve rehabilitation from the establishment of the Web of Science Core Collection to December 2025 were retrieved. After data deduplication, standardized processing and bibliometric analysis were performed on publication year, research institutions, authors, journal sources, keywords and other indicators. VOSviewer, CiteSpace and the Bibliometrix R package were adopted to construct visual mapping graphs, and further analyzed the distribution of publishing journals, national/regional research layout, research collaboration networks of institutions and authors, core authors, high-frequency keyword co-occurrence network, keyword thematic map, as well as the temporal ranking of keyword bursts.

A total of 258 English literatures were finally included. The average annual publication output increased significantly after 2015, reaching peak values of 31 publications in 2022 and 32 publications in 2025 respectively. The publications were distributed across 148 journals, mainly including comprehensive journals, neuroscience journals and ophthalmology journals. International Journal of Molecular Sciences published 11 articles, accounting for 4.12% of the total. Among the literatures on the application of optogenetics in ophthalmic visual nerve rehabilitation, scholars from the United States contributed 85 articles, followed by the United Kingdom with 34 articles; French publications had an average citation of 58.84 times, representing the highest paper quality. The University of Oxford published the largest number of articles with 19. A total of 1069 authors were involved in the included literatures. Scholar Sahel Jose-Alain published the most papers with 18, which have been cited 1603 times. The research cluster formed by the team of Picaud Serge was the largest collaboration cluster. A total of 363 keywords were extracted via CiteSpace keyword network mapping analysis of the English literatures. Ten keyword nodes including gene therapy, retinitis pigmentosa, channelrhodopsin-2, ganglion cells, visual function, retinal degeneration, expression, responses, aav vector and in vivo had a betweenness centrality greater than 0.1. Keyword burst analysis showed that the burst strength of photoreceptor degeneration was 8.87; it also had the longest burst duration, spanning from 2011 to 2017.

Research on the application of optogenetics in visual neural rehabilitation in ophthalmology is currently in a phase of rapid growth. Hotspots include gene therapy, mechanisms of retinal diseases, and regulation of visual responses. Future trends are expected to focus on the exploration and application of cutting-edge technologies such as stem cells, CRISPR gene editing, and neuroprotection.