对于战争或者武装冲突，化学战一直是潜在的威胁。化学战剂会作用于全身或一些特定的器官，造成一定的不可逆性损害，眼部也会有相应的急性或者慢性表现。美国疾病控制和预防中心将化学毒剂分为糜烂性毒剂、神经性毒剂、窒息性毒剂、腐蚀剂、血液毒剂、致残剂、金属毒剂、防暴剂、有毒酒精及生物毒素等10类。糜烂性毒剂包括芥子毒气、路易氏气及光气肟；窒息性毒剂包括光气和氯化苦。糜烂性毒剂暴露可造成眼表刺激，重症者可引起角膜混浊、角膜溃疡及角膜水肿；神经性毒剂暴露可引起瞳孔缩小、视力下降及眼泪分泌增多；防暴剂暴露可导致流泪、结膜充血、眼睑痉挛、畏光、结膜炎及眶周水肿。在化学战剂暴露后，急诊处理的原则主要是脱离中毒环境，主要的治疗手段包括解毒治疗、局部滴眼液及眼表重建等。本文中笔者就化学战剂的眼部表现与治疗策略进行综述。

Chemical warfare has always been a potential threat to war or armed conflict. Chemical warfare agents act on the whole body or specific organs, causing irreversible damage and corresponding acute or chronic ocular manifestations. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States classifies chemical agents into 10 categories: corrosive agents, nerve agents, asphyxiating agents, corrosives, blood agents, disabling agents, metal agents, riot control agents, toxic alcohol, and biotoxins. Corrosive toxins include mustard gas, Louis gas, and phosgene oxime; asphyxiant toxins include phosgene and chloropicrin. The irritation to the ocular surface could be caused after exposure to erosive toxins, and in severe cases, for corneal opacity, corneal ulcers, and corneal edema; the pupil constriction, blurred vision, and increased tear secretion after exposure to nerve agents; the tearing, conjunctival congestion, blepharospasm, photophobia, conjunctivitis, and periorbital edema after exposure to riot control agents. After exposure to chemical warfare agents, emergency treatment mainly involves leaving the toxic environment, and the main treatment methods include detoxification treatment, local eye drops, and ocular surface reconstruction. The ocular manifestations and treatment strategies of chemical warfare agents was reviewed in this paper.