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中华眼科医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (01) : 33 -39. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2007.2025.01.006

论著

胎盘生长因子与近视眼激光术后妊娠期女性角膜生物学特征关系的临床研究
高雄伟1,, 王峰1, 牛丽霞1   
  1. 1. 046000 长治市人民医院眼科
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-11 出版日期:2025-02-28
  • 通信作者: 高雄伟
  • 基金资助:
    山西省卫生健康委科研课题(2021010)

The relationship between placental grow th factor and corneal biological characteristics in pregnant women after laser surgery for myopia

Xiongwei Gao1,, Feng Wang1, Lixia Niu1   

  1. 1. Ophthalmology Department,The People′s Hospital of Changzhi,Changzhi046000,China
  • Received:2024-09-11 Published:2025-02-28
  • Corresponding author: Xiongwei Gao
引用本文:

高雄伟, 王峰, 牛丽霞. 胎盘生长因子与近视眼激光术后妊娠期女性角膜生物学特征关系的临床研究[J/OL]. 中华眼科医学杂志(电子版), 2025, 15(01): 33-39.

Xiongwei Gao, Feng Wang, Lixia Niu. The relationship between placental grow th factor and corneal biological characteristics in pregnant women after laser surgery for myopia[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmologic Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2025, 15(01): 33-39.

目的

探讨胎盘生长因子(PLGF)与近视眼激光术后妊娠期女性角膜生物学特征的关系。

方法

选取2020年3月至2023年2月在长治市人民医院眼科建档的128例(128只眼)近视眼激光术后自然受孕妊娠的女性和同期在此院体检的近视眼激光术后未妊娠女性128例(128只眼)作为研究对象。年龄19~42岁,平均年龄(29.9±3.8)岁。妊娠女性为妊娠组,未妊娠女性为对照组。所有研究对象均1年内接受过飞秒激光手术,妊娠组分别在孕早期(T1)、孕中期(T2)、孕晚期(T3)及产后6周(T4)检测妊娠组PLGF水平及角膜生物学特征,对照组检测时间以妊娠组为准。血清PLGF及角膜生物学特征等定量资料采用Shapiro-Wilk检验正态性,服从正态分布,采用¯x±s表示,组间比较采用独立样本t检验,不同时间点的比较采用重复测量方差分析,两两比较采用LSD检验;眼压为偏态分布计量资料,采用[MP25,P75)]进行描述,组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。并发症的描述采用例数和百分比,组间比较采用χ2检验。血清PLGF与妊娠不同时期角膜生物力学参数的关系采用Pearson相关性分析。

结果

妊娠组女性T1、T2、T3及T4各时点血清PLGF、角膜硬度(SPA1)、中央角膜厚度(CCT)、振幅比率(DA ratio)、角膜阻力因子(CRF)、综合半径(IR)及角膜滞后量CH)分别为(9.42±2.85)pg/m l、(81.25±8.35)mmHg/mm(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)、(465.25±35.45)μm、5.85±0.82、(6.63±1.26)mmHg、11.32±1.35、(8.13±1.16)mmHg、(61.52±6.83)pg/ml、(73.36±6.62)mmHg/mm、(516.42±38.87)μm、5.32±0.85、(7.38±1.52)mmHg、10.44±1.56、(8.87±1.25)mmHg、(132.37±15.45 pg/ml、(64.54±6.83)mmHg/mm、(546.36±36.63)μm、4.54±0.66、(9.16±1.87)mmHg、8.85±1.42、(9.62±1.38)mmHg、(6.64±1.53 pg/ml、(76.25±8.25)mmHg/mm、(482.65±31.37)μm、5.13±0.68、(7.55±1.65)mmHg、10.56±1.62及(8.65±1.13)mmHg;对照组分别为(5.66±1.42)pg/ml、(86.26±8.52)mmHg/mm、(438.35±28.87)μm、5.92±0.75、(6.68±1.32)mmHg、11.46±1.27、(8.17±1.05)mmHg、(5.18±1.16)pg/ml、(83.37±8.45)mmHg/mm、(442.18±31.36)μm、5.88±0.65、(6.75±1.24)mmHg、11.28±1.22、(8.23±1.12)mmHg、(5.53±1.33)pg/ml、(84.45±6.53)mmHg/mm、(453.56±33.82)μm、5.66±0.83、(6.65±1.18)mmHg、11.37±1.44、(8.26±1.24)mmHg、(5.85±1.45)pg/ml、(82.16±8.18)mmHg/mm、(455.25±35.65)μm、5.63±0.62、(6.82±1.35)mmHg、11.16±1.53及(8.18±1.17)mmHg。经两因素重复测量方差分析,两组T1、T2、T3及T4组别效应有统计学意义(F组别=5688.222,730.334,135.541,69.729,504.994,159.591,137.416;P<0.05);时间效应有统计学意义(F时间=5851.554,129.164,57.561,30.887,108.940,63.771,60.579;P<0.05);交互效应有统计学意义(F交互=16153.526,47.442,20.884,34.997,33.607,14.865,P<0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析,T1和T4时血清PLGF与角膜生物学特征之间无相关性,无统计学意义(r=-0.095,0.114,0.000,0.020,-0.032,0.088,-0.076,0.115,-1.000,0.105,0.044,0.104;P>0.05);T2~T3时血清PLGF与CCT、CRF及CH呈正相关,其相关性具有统计学意义(r=0.710,0.786,0.212,0.630,0.262,0.455;P<0.05),与SPA1、DA ratio、IR呈负相关,其相关性具有统计学意义(r=-0.544,-0.816,-0.352,-0.612,-0.280,-0.646;P<0.05)。妊娠组干眼和视力回退分别发生31例(31只眼)和16例(16只眼),分别占24.22%和12.50%;对照组分别发生15例(15只眼)和5例(5只眼),分别占11.72%和3.91%;组间比较的差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.784,6.277;P<0.05)。

结论

血清PLGF与近视眼激光术后妊娠期女性孕中期、孕晚期角膜生物学特征有相关性,孕中期、孕晚期血清PLGF升高伴随CCT、CRF及CH升高,SPA1、DA ratio及IR降低,且近视眼激光术后妊娠可能会增加干眼和视力回退风险。

Objective

The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between placental growth factor(PLGF)and corneal biological characteristics in pregnant women after laser surgery for myopia.

Methods

A total of 128 pregnant women who were naturally pregnant after laser surgery in the ophthalmology department of Changzhi People′s Hospital from March 2020 to February 2023 and 128 nonpregnantwomen who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the study objects.The average age was(29.9±3.8)years,ranging from 19 to 42 years.Pregnant women were in the pregnancy group and non-pregnant women were in the control group.All subjects underwent femtosecond laser surgery within 1 year.The PLGF level and corneal biological characteristics of the pregnancy group were detected in the first trimester(T1),second trimester(T2),third trimester(T3)and 6 weeks postpartum(T4),respectively.The detection time of the control group was determined by the pregnancy group.Serum PLGF,corneal biological characteristics and other quantitative datawere normalized by Shapiro-Wilk test,and the normal distribution was represented by¯x±s.Independent sample t test was used for comparison between groups,repeatedmeasurement variance testwas used for comparison atdifferent time points,and LSD test was used for pair comparison.The measurement data of IOP with skewed distribution were described by[MP25,P75)]and Mann-Whitney U testwas analyzed.Complicationswere described by cases and percentage and Chi-square test was used for comparison between groups.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between serum PLGF and corneal biomechanical parameters in different periods of pregnancy.

Results

The serum PlGF,stiffness parameter applanation 1(SPA1),central corneal thickness(CCT),deformation amplitude ratio(DA ratio),corneal resistance factor(CRF),integrated radius(IR)and corneal hysteresis(CH)of women in pregnancy group at each time pointwere(9.42±2.85)pg/m l,(81.25±8.35)mmHg/mm(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),(465.25±35.45)μm,5.85±0.82,(6.63±1.26)mmHg,11.32±1.35,(8.13±1.16)mmHg,(61.52±6.83)pg/m l,(73.36±6.62)mmHg/mm,(516.42±38.87)μm,5.32±0.85,(7.38±1.52)mmHg,10.44±1.56,(8.87±1.25)mmHg,(132.37±15.45 pg/m l,(64.54±6.83)mmHg/mm,(546.36±36.63)μm,4.54±0.66,(9.16±1.87)mmHg,8.85±1.42,(9.62±1.38)mmHg,(6.64±1.53 pg/m l,(76.25±8.25)mmHg/mm,(482.65±31.37)μm,5.13±0.68,(7.55±1.65)mmHg,10.56±1.62 and(8.65±1.13)mmHg,respectively..The control group were(5.66±1.42)pg/m l,(86.26±8.52)mmHg/mm,(438.35±28.87)μm,5.92±0.75,(6.68±1.32)mmHg,11.46±1.27,(8.17±1.05)mmHg,(5.18±1.16)pg/ml,(83.37±8.45)mmHg/mm,(442.18±31.36)μm,5.88±0.65,(6.75±1.24)mmHg,11.28±1.22,(8.23±1.12)mmHg,(5.53±1.33)pg/ml,(84.45±6.53)mmHg/mm,(453.56±33.82)μm,5.66±0.83,(6.65±1.18)mmHg,11.37±1.44,(8.26±1.24)mmHg,(5.85±1.45)pg/ml,(82.16±8.18)mmHg/mm,(455.25±35.65)μm,5.63±0.62,(6.82±1.35)mmHg,11.16±1.53 and(8.18±1.17)mmHg.Using two factor repeated measures ANOVA,the group effects of T1,T2,T3 and T4 in the two groupswere statistically significant(F group=5688.222,730.334,135.541,69.729,504.994,159.591,137.416;P<0.05).The time effect was statistically significant(F times=5851.554129.164,57.561,30.887108.940,63.771,60.579;P<0.05).The interaction effect was statistically significant(F interactioneffect=16153.526,47.442,20.884,34.997,33.607,14.865;P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that therewas no correlation between serum PlGF and corneal biological characteristics at T1 and T4,and there was no statistical significance(r=-0.095,0.114,0.000,0.020,-0.032,0.088,-0.076,0.115,-1.000,0.105,0.044,0.104;P>0.05).At T 2 to T3,serum PlGF was positively correlated with CCT,CRF and CH,with statistical significance(r=0.710,0.786,0.212,0.630,0.262,0.455;P<0.05);it was negatively correlated with SPA1,Da ratio and IR,with statistical significance(r=0.544,-0.816,-0.352,-0.612,-0.280,-0.646;P<0.05).In the pregnancy group,dry eye and visual acuity regression occurred in 31 cases,with an incidence of 24.22%;16 cases,the incidence was 12.50%.In the control group,15 cases occurred,with an incidence of 11.72%.The incidence was 3.91%.The difference between the groups was statistically significant(χ2=6.784,6.277;P<0.05).

Conclusions

There is a significant correlation between serum PLGF and corneal biological characteristics in pregnantwomen withmyopia after laser surgery in themiddle and late stages of pregnancy.Elevated serum PLGF in themiddle and late stages of pregnancy is accompanied by elevated levels of CCT,CRF,and CH,as well as decreased levels of SPA1,DA ratio,and IR.Moreover,pregnancy after laser surgery formyopiamay increase the risk of dry eye and visual regression.

续表1
组别 眼数(只眼) 胎盘生长因子(pg/mL)
孕早期 孕中期 孕晚期 产后6周
妊娠组 128 9.42±2.85 61.52±6.83 132.37±15.45ab 6.64±1.53abc
对照组 128 5.66±1.42 5.18±1.16 5.53± 1.33 5.85±1.45
组间时间交互 5688.222,5738.819,16153.526
<0.05, <0.05, <0.05
组别 眼数(只眼) 角膜硬度(mmHg/mm)
孕早期 孕中期 孕晚期 产后6周
妊娠组 128 81.25±8.35 73.36±6.62 64.54±6.83ab 76.25±8.25abc
对照组 128 86.26±8.52 83.37±8.45 84.45±6.53 82.16±8.18ab
组间时间交互 504.994,58.932,47.442
<0.05, <0.05, <0.05
组别 眼数(只眼) 振幅比率
孕早期 孕中期 孕晚期 产后6周
妊娠组 128 5.85±0.82 5.32±0.85 4.54±0.66ab 5.13±0.68ab
对照组 128 5.92±0.75 5.88±0.65 5.66±0.83ab 5.63±0.62ab
组间时间交互 159.591,50.495,20.884
<0.05,<0.05,<0.05
组别 眼数(只眼) 角膜阻力因子(mmHg)
孕早期 孕中期 孕晚期 产后6周
妊娠组 128 6.63±1.26 7.38±1.52 9.16±1.87ab 7.55±1.65ac
对照组 128 6.68±1.32 6.75±1.24 6.65±1.18 6.82±1.35
组间时间交互 135.541,32.166,34.997
<0.05,<0.05,<0.05
组别 眼数(只眼) 综合半径
孕早期 孕中期 孕晚期 产后6周
妊娠组 128 11.32±1.35 10.44±1.56 8.85±1.42ab 10.56±1.62ac
对照组 128 11.46±1.27 11.28±1.22 11.37±1.44 11.16±1.53
组间时间交互 137.416,34.364,33.607
<0.05,<0.05,<0.05
组别 眼数(只眼) 角膜滞后量(mmHg)
孕早期 孕中期 孕晚期 产后6周
妊娠组 128 8.13±1.16 8.87±1.25 9.62±1.38ab 8.65±1.13ac
对照组 128 8.17±1.05 8.23±1.12 8.26±1.24 8.18±1.17
组间时间交互 69.729,19.215,14.865
<0.05,<0.05,<0.05
组别 眼数(只眼) 中央角膜厚度(μm)
孕早期 孕中期 孕晚期 产后6周
妊娠组 128 465.25±35.45 516.42±38.87 546.36±36.63ab 482.65±31.37abc
对照组 128 438.35±28.87 442.18±31.36 453.56±33.82ab 455.25±35.65ab
组间时间交互 730.334,86.773,59.731
<0.05,<0.05,<0.05
表2 血清PLGF与近视眼激光术后妊娠期女性角膜生物学特征的相关性分析
表3 两组视力相关并发症比较[例(%)]
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