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中华眼科医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (06) : 376 -380. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2007.2023.06.011

综述

糖尿病视网膜病变分子生物标志物的研究进展
刘涵1, 沈强1, 张蓝月1, 陈健2,†()   
  1. 1. 402260　重庆大学附属江津医院眼科
    2. 402260　重庆市江津区中医院脾胃病内分泌科
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-01 出版日期:2023-12-28
  • 通信作者: 陈健
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(CSTB2023NSCQ－MSX1061，CSTB2023NSCQ－MSX0639); 2023年重庆市公共卫生重点专科（学科）建设项目; 重庆市江津区科学技术局项目(Y2023016)

Research progress on molecular biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy

Han Liu1, Qiang Shen1, Lanyue Zhang1, Jian Chen2,†()   

  1. 1. Department of Ophthalmology, Jiangjin Hospital affiliated to Chongqing University, Chongqing 402260, China
    2. Department of Spleen, Stomach and Endocrinology, Jiangjin District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 402260, China
  • Received:2023-12-01 Published:2023-12-28
  • Corresponding author: Jian Chen
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刘涵, 沈强, 张蓝月, 陈健. 糖尿病视网膜病变分子生物标志物的研究进展[J]. 中华眼科医学杂志(电子版), 2023, 13(06): 376-380.

Han Liu, Qiang Shen, Lanyue Zhang, Jian Chen. Research progress on molecular biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy[J]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmologic Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2023, 13(06): 376-380.

糖尿病会引起糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)，是成人失明和低视力的重要原因。血清、眼内液和泪液中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平与DR严重程度密切相关，是一种合适的生物标志物。多种微小核糖核酸(miRNA)在DR中有所变化，能够预测与判断DR病情。内皮素(ET)－1参与DR的发生与发展，其拮抗剂可能成为新的DR治疗方向。晚期糖基化终末产物(AGE)通过不同的机制参与DR发病。非对称二甲基精氨酸(ADMA)水平升高参与DR起病且与DR的严重程度成正比。白细胞介素(IL)和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)等炎症介质也从不同程度影响DR。本文中笔者拟就DR机制中不同的分子生物标志物进行综述，旨在为DR提供一种新的诊断和治疗思路。

关键词: 糖尿病视网膜病变, 血管内皮生长因子, 微小核糖核酸, 内皮素－1, 晚期糖基化终末产物, 非对称二甲基精氨酸, 白细胞介素, 肿瘤坏死因子

Diabetes can cause diabetes retinopathy (DR), which is an important cause of adult blindness and low vision. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in serum, intraocular fluid, and tears are closely related to the severity of DR, which are an appropriate biomarker. Multiple types of microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) undergo changes in patients with DR, which can be used to predict and determine the condition of DR. Endothelin (ET)-1 is involved in the occurrence and development of DR, and its antagonists may become a new direction for DR treatment. Advanced glycation end products (AGE) are involved in the pathogenesis of DR through different mechanisms. Elevated levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) are involved in the onset of DR, which have directly proportional relations with the severity of DR. Inflammatory mediators such as interleukin (IL) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) also affect DR to various degrees. The different molecular biomarkers in the DR mechanism were reviewed in this paper, aiming to provide a new diagnostic and therapeutic approach for DR.

Key words: Diabetic retinopathy, Vascular endothelial growth factor, Micro ribonucleic acid, Endothelin-1, Advanced glycation end products, Asymmetric dimethylarginine, Interleukin, Tumor necrosis factor
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