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中华眼科医学杂志(电子版)

中华眼科医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (02) : 119 -123. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2007.2023.02.011

综述

眼健康与全身健康相互作用机制的研究进展
张凯文, 刘含若†()   
  1. 100730　首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院2022级硕士研究生
    100730　首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院　北京同仁眼科中心　北京市眼科研究所　眼科学与视觉科学北京市重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-02 出版日期:2023-04-28
  • 通信作者: 刘含若
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(82171051); 北京市科技新星项目(Z191100001119072)

Advance on the mechanism of interaction between eye health and general health

Kaiwen Zhang, Hanruo Liu†()   

  1. Master′s degree 2022, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
    Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
  • Received:2022-03-02 Published:2023-04-28
  • Corresponding author: Hanruo Liu
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引用本文：

张凯文, 刘含若. 眼健康与全身健康相互作用机制的研究进展[J]. 中华眼科医学杂志(电子版), 2023, 13(02): 119-123.

Kaiwen Zhang, Hanruo Liu. Advance on the mechanism of interaction between eye health and general health[J]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmologic Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2023, 13(02): 119-123.

眼健康与全身健康有着密切关联，系统性疾病累及眼部时可导致眼病的发生。同时，某些眼部的症状与体征有助于对全身器官疾病及并发症的辅助诊断。此外，眼病亦可导致患者发生抑郁和心脑血管疾病的风险增加，因而充分认识眼病与全身健康的关系对提高眼病诊断与治疗水平及慢性疾病的预防具有重要意义。本文中笔者就眼健康与全身健康的相互作用机制以及营养、吸烟及精神状态对眼的影响进行综述，并就其综合防控策略进行了阐述。

关键词: 眼健康, 全身健康, 防控策略

Eye health is closely linked to the general health, with systemic diseases affecting the eye leading to eye disease. At the same time, certain ocular symptoms and signs contribute to the adjunctive diagnosis of organ complications of systemic diseases. In addition, patients with eye diseases have an increased risk of depression, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, so it is of great significance to fully understand the relationship between eye diseases and general health to improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases and the prevention of chronic diseases. This paper focuses on the interaction mechanism between eye health and general health, as well as the effects of nutrition, smoking, and mental state on the eye, and elaborates the comprehensive prevention and control strategy of eye and systemic diseases.

Key words: Eye health, General health, Prevention and control strategy
表1 局部应用营养素滴眼液治疗眼病的文献汇总
第一作者 年份 纳入人群 随访时间 结果
Selek等[30] 2000 22例干眼患者 7 d 相较于安慰剂组，0.01%维生素A乳膏组的Schirmer试验和泪膜破裂时间均有显著改善，但对于干燥、畏光和异物感等症状的改善与安慰剂组无差异
Kim等[31] 2009 150例常规治疗无效的患者 3个月 相较于仅使用无防腐剂人工泪液的对照组，0.05%维生素A滴眼液可显著改善干眼患者的视物模糊、泪膜破裂时间、Schirmer试验和印痕细胞学检查结果
Cui等[32] 2016 30例长期使用前列腺类似物超过1年的青光眼患者 6个月 相较于空白对照组，0.1%维生素A凝胶可显著改善眼表疾病指数量表评分，并防止泪膜破裂时间的下降，同时可以显著增加杯状细胞密度
Toshida等[33] 2017 66例干眼患者 28 d 500 IU/mL维生素A滴眼液有助于改善干眼患者的症状及体征，对视物模糊的改善更为明显。此外，干预组眼表染色检查结果明显优于安慰剂组
Fogagnolo等[34] 2020 30例接受过氩激光光凝治疗的糖尿病患者 18个月 与安慰剂组相比，含2%胞磷胆碱、0.02%维生素B12滴眼液治疗组在随访18个月时，角膜神经纤维长度改善效果更佳，角膜敏感性、眼表染色和眼表疾病指数量表评分也有改善
Macri等[35] 2015 103例白内障患者(61例干眼，42例无干眼) 1个月 与无干眼患者相比，干眼患者氧化应激水平显著升高，眼表疾病指数量表评分和荧光素清除试验评分显著升高，Schirmer试验和泪膜破裂时间显著降低。干眼患者使用含有0.15%透明质酸和维生素B12滴眼液的治疗与其氧化应激水平、眼表疾病指数量表评分和荧光素清除试验评分显著降低以及Schirmer试验和泪膜破裂时间显著升高相关
Fogagnolo等[36] 2012 40例白内障术后患者 9个月 与生理盐水对照组相比，含0.5%维生素E及0.1%辅酶Q10滴眼液治疗组神经再生速度更快，非侵入性泪膜破裂时间和泪膜破裂时间均升高
Fogagnolo等[37] 2020 45例白内障患者 28 d 与生理盐水对照组相比，以脂质体纳米分散剂为载体的维生素A、维生素D和w－3脂肪酸滴眼液治疗组中患者的泪膜破裂时间增加值明显更高，且眼表疾病指数量表评分显著降低，无角膜染色患者比例更高；而泪膜渗透压及Schirmer试验结果无明显差异
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