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中华眼科医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (03) : 183 -187. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-2007.2022.03.011

综述

年龄相关性黄斑变性的研究进展
王宛婷1, 梁婷2, 孙蕾2,†()   
  1. 1. 150000　哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院眼科2019级硕士研究生
    2. 150000　哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院眼科
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-16 出版日期:2022-06-28
  • 通信作者: 孙蕾
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(JJ2021LH1412); 哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院科技创新人才项目(HYDSYKJCXRC202132)

Research progress in the age-related macular degeneration

Wanting Wang1, Ting Liang2, Lei Sun2,†()   

  1. 1. Master′s degree 2019, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
    2. Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
  • Received:2021-07-16 Published:2022-06-28
  • Corresponding author: Lei Sun
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王宛婷, 梁婷, 孙蕾. 年龄相关性黄斑变性的研究进展[J]. 中华眼科医学杂志(电子版), 2022, 12(03): 183-187.

Wanting Wang, Ting Liang, Lei Sun. Research progress in the age-related macular degeneration[J]. Chinese Journal of Ophthalmologic Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2022, 12(03): 183-187.

年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)又称为老年性黄斑变性，是一种与年龄相关，视功能不可逆性损伤的致盲性眼病。近年来，随着我国老龄化现象日益严重，AMD的患病率不断上升；加之，AMD当前的抗新生血管疗法和光动力疗法属于被动治疗，缺乏预防治疗手段，其疗效的持久性也欠佳。因此，本文中笔者对AMD的病因、发病机制及治疗的基础理论研究进展进行综述，旨在为AMD的预防、治疗及改善预后提供参考。

关键词: 年龄相关性黄斑变性, 病因, 治疗, 预防

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) also known as senile macular degeneration, is a kind of blindness caused by age-related and irreversible damage to visual function. With the aging problem becoming more and more serious in China, the incidence of AMD is on the rise. At present, there is still a lack of effective treatment for visual function damage caused by AMD. Conventional anti-neovascularization therapy and photodynamic therapy have practical problems such as passive therapy, insufficience of prevention methods and lasting curative effect. Therefore, the basic theory of etiology, pathology and pharmacological effects of therapeutic drugs of AMD are summarized and discussed in this paper, aiming to effectively prevent the occurrence and progress of AMD, or improve prognosis.

Key words: Age-related macular degeneration, Etiology, Therapy, Prevent
图1 湿性老年性黄斑变性患者光学相干断层扫描血管成像　图A示脉络膜毛细血管层血管成像，脉络膜层可见新生血管(红色箭头所指)；图B示视网膜光学相干平扫成像，可见血流信号，患者视网膜结构破坏视网膜色素上皮层隆起，血流信号不规则(黄色箭头所指)；图C示视网膜表层血管密度，可见黄斑中心凹区血流密度为17%；图D示全层视网膜厚度(内界膜层－视网膜色素上皮层)，黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度增厚462 μm
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