调查黄斑裂孔和黄斑前膜患者关注的手术治疗相关问题，并探索其社会心理影响因素。

开放式问卷调查。纳入2018年11月至2019年4月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院眼科中心患有黄斑裂孔或黄斑前膜须行手术治疗的患者155例进行研究。其中，成人151例，男性35例，女性116例，年龄21~84岁，平均年龄(61.3±1.2)岁。请所有研究对象在问卷中填写个人基本信息后，写下其最为关心的有关于自身手术治疗的10个问题。将所有问题按内容分为疾病性质相关、手术操作相关、术前事项相关及术后事项相关等四类问题，必要时细分亚类。患者所提问题个数以中位数和四分位数表示。不同社会心理因素导致的问题个数的比较采用秩和检验，问题数目的比较采用卡方检验。

问卷应答率为99.35%(154/155例)，总计提出问题1207个。所有成年参与者所提问题1177个，疾病性质相关、术前事项相关、手术操作相关及术后事项相关四类问题，分别为8.8%(103/1177)、3.6%(42/1177)、13.8%(163/1177)及73.8%(869/1177)。患者最为关心的问题为术后事项相关问题，例如手术之后日常活动有何注意事项；关心最少的问题为术前事项相关问题，例如需要为手术作何准备。城镇患者更关心术后视力的恢复程度，农村患者则更关心手术治疗的相关费用，二者差异具有统计学意义(χ²＝11.544，P<0.05)。女性患者与男性患者相比，更加关心术后能否正常从事家务劳动及看顾孩童等，两者差异具有统计学意义(χ²＝12.761，P<0.05)。

黄斑疾病患者关心的手术治疗相关问题因社会经济地位、社会分工等社会心理因素而有所不同。术者应当充分理解此种不同及其原因，进而给予患者针对性和个性化的宣教和答疑解惑，以全面提高手术效果的满意度。

To investigate what patients with macular hole or epiretinal membrane concern on their surgical management and the correlated social and psychological factors.

Open questionnaire survey. From November 2018 to April 2019, a consecutive sample of 155 patients with macular hole or epiretinal membrane consulted in Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Capital Medical University and needed surgery were enrolled. Among of them, there were 151 adult, 35 male and 116 female, with average age of (61.3±1.2) years-old (from 21 to 84). All participants were invited to write down 10 questions cared most about their surgical management after filling in their personal information. Questions were categorized into four titles: disease feature, surgery operations, before surgery, and after surgery, and titles were subtitled if necessary. Question quantities were described by median and quartile. The socio-psychological factors were compared by Mann-Whitney test; question quantities were compared by Chi-square test.

The participation rate was 99.35% (154/155), totally 1207 questions. The accouting for disease feature, surgery operations, before surgery, and after surgery in 1177 questions raised by adult participants were 8.8% (103/1177), 13.8% (42/1177), 3.6% (163/1177), and 73.8% (869/1177), respectively. Questions patients cared most about were after surgery, such as tips for postoperative activities, while least about before surgery, such as preparation for surgery. Urban citizens cared more about visual recovery; while rural residents about medical expenditure. The difference was shown statistical significance between them (χ²=11.544, P<0.05). Females cared more about housework or caregiving comparing with males, which was shown statistical significance (χ²=12.761, P<0.05).

Patients with macular diseases care different aspects of the surgical management due to individual social-economical statuses and social division of labour. Doctors should be aware of this and offer personalized education and consultation to obtain more satisfactory surgical outcomes.